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Adobe Premiere是Adobe家族的一款剪辑软件，它给我的感觉就是入门快、功能强大，无论是对于新手还是专业人士，PR在大部分情况下都是很友好的。

认识PR

Pr全称Adobe Premiere，是Adobe公司开发的一款视频剪辑&编辑软件。主要用于视频采集、视频剪辑、调色、添加字幕、编辑音频、渲染输出。

Premiere提供了采集、剪辑、调色、美化音频、字幕添加、输出、DVD刻录的一整套流程，并和其他Adobe软件高效集成，使用户足以完成在编辑、制作、工作流上遇到的所有挑战，满足用户创建高质量作品的要求。

下载PR软件

Adobe官网下载

进入Adobe官网进行下载https://www.adobe.com/cn/products/premiere.html

其他网页下载

1、打开浏览器今日头条搜索3D溜溜网，进入官网

2、打开浏览器搜索3D溜溜网，进入官网，点击上面【···】三个点之后选择【软件插件】里的【羽兔网软件下载】

3、选择【常用软件】里的【视频制作】

4、向下滑，在下面找到PR2018版本的进行【软件下载】，里面还有其他版本，这里选择的是适配win7的。

PR窗口介绍

Premiere软件由菜单栏、常用工具栏、时间轴、侧边面板栏（组件窗口）组成。主工作区有素材（项目）管理窗口、素材预览窗口、视频监视器窗口、时间轴窗口、调音台窗口、调色窗口等。

菜单栏

菜单栏可以说是整个软件的功能导图，为软件中大多数功能提供了菜单入口，例如PR软件中的绝大多数功能在对应的菜单栏中都可以找到。

功能窗口切换区域:(组件、编辑、颜色、效果、音频、字幕、库......)

功能窗口切换区域是软件为剪辑、调色、音频、字幕等不同功能定义的界面布局方案。点击对应的功能，软件会自动切换到使用该功能时的界面布局。

源素材预览窗口

源窗口主要是为项目面板中素材(视频、音频、图片)提供实时预览，双击项目面板中的素材即可在源窗口中进行播放预览。

节目监视窗口

节目窗口主要用于监视时间线上剪辑的画面，可以实时播放。

项目面板

项目面板主要是用于项目及素材的管理，我们导入到软件中的素材及新建的序列、字幕等素材全部都存放在项目面板中。

时间线窗口

时间线窗口可以简单理解为剪辑工作台，我们对素材的剪辑工作全部都是在时间线面板中操作完成。时间线窗口又可分为视频轨道和音频轨道。

工具栏

工具栏集合了所有视频剪辑工具，当然有一些是辅助剪辑工具。

选择工具（快捷键：V）

顾名思义，它的作用就是用来选择东西的，不过在有的时候它也会变为其它的形状，作用也随之改变。

向前选择轨道工具（快捷键：A）

使用此工具可以选择该轨道上以后的所有素材，视音频链接在一起的则音频同时也被选中；按住Shift键可以变为多轨道选择工具，此时单头变为双头，即使是单独的声音（比如音效、音乐等）也会被同时选中。

波纹编辑工具（快捷键：B）

使用此工具可以改变一段素材的入点和出点，这段素材后面的会自动吸附上去，总长度发生改变。

剃刀工具（快捷键：C）

pr中导入素材之后，利用剃刀工具切割开视频，视频就分开为多段了，可以分别剪辑切割后的每一段视频，包括删除、添加效果等。

外滑工具（快捷键：U）

作用于一段素材，用来同时改变此段素材的入点和出点。

钢笔工具（快捷键：P）

这个工具和字幕中的钢笔工具是一样，主要用来绘制形状。选中此工具，在需要的位置点击一下确定起点，直接点其它位置可以绘制直线，而在点第二个点的同时按住鼠标不放并进行拖拽可以绘制曲线；它还有一个作用就是进行关键帧的选择。

手形工具（快捷键：H）

点击鼠标左键，在时间轴上拖动，移动时间轴上显示素材的位置。当程序监视器放大时。拖放程序监视器中的可移动显示区域以观察细节。

文字工具（快捷键：T）

文字工具即在画面中输入我们想要的文字。

效果面板

效果面板集合了很多视频和音频效果控件，对视频或者音频添加模糊及转场等效果时，需要在效果面板中找到对应的效果控件然后添加到时间线上的剪辑。

效果控件面板

效果控件面板是对已经添加到素材上的效果进行参数调节的窗口。

音轨混合器窗口

对音频进行声道和音量调节的窗口，当然也可以通过这个窗口进行现场录音。

PR剪辑教程

创建项目

首先新建项目，暂存盘里的地址栏跟项目一样就可以。

新建序列

新建序列，选择1080p25，点击确定，就建立了一个时间线。

一般的剪辑软件里边都有现成的预设，只要知道这个尺寸就行，高清格式选择1080P或者720P都行。

导入素材

在项目列表双击，找到我们的素材，按住shift一块儿导入，导入之后可以对素材进行分类，让我们可以看的更仔细一些。（养成一个好的分类习惯，有助于提高我们工程的有趣性和效率，以后打包工程的整理都非常的有好处）。

拖入时间线

素材分类好之后，把视频音频素材按住shift一起都拖拽到时间线里。

设置比例

发现视频素材的大小不一，我们调整视频整体比例大小。找到信息，看见比例为640*360，在我们新建的时候不是这个比例，我们在序列里进行更改设置为640*360，这样时间线就跟我们相匹配了。

编辑视频

导入素材之后，我们开始对视频进行剪辑。

添加效果

添加效果，让视频看起来更流畅。

添加字幕

添加结尾字幕。

导出

剪辑完成，导出成品。

PR导出格式一般用MOV、mp4、AVI等等。PR输出视频的时候，要求不一样，输出的格式的就不一样。因为没有统一的标准，要根据需求和目的才能定什么是合适的。

1、如果想输出文件后继续进行编辑，一般推荐输出MOV。

2、如果输出文件后直接就要观看，或传到视频网站。推荐输出H.264，即mp4。

3、如果输出文件给电视台标清播出，就输出AVI格式。

成品

下面这张是成品

这里用的是PR2018版本

PR基础快捷键

1、按i可以设置入点，O可以设置出点。

2、Shift+delete键可以删除视频同时，把视频之间的间隙去掉；Ctrl+Z撤销。

3、向前选择轨道工具（A）和链接选择项的结合使用可以删除选择点后面的视频和音频

4、向前选择轨道工具（A）和取消链接选择项的结合使用按shift键可单独删除视频，保留音频。

5、按Q键可删除剪辑的开始，按W键可删除剪辑的结尾，但是它们会从每个音轨中删除内容，如果有多层音轨，这个快捷键就不适用，可以通过锁定音频轨道来避免音频被删除。

6、按光标键→，按一下前进一帧，按Shift键+光标键，一下会前进5帧。

7、alt+拖动素材=复制

常用的快捷键如下：

注：如果自己不适应默认的快捷键可以在PR界面快捷键设置修改，步骤如下：

打开快捷键界面有两种方法：第一种方法，打开PR后，在菜单栏找到编辑选项下的快捷键菜单，单击后就会弹出设置界面。第二种方法，打开PR后，我们直接使用快捷键Ctrl+Alt+K后，也会弹出设置界面。

打开快捷键界面后在搜索框里我们直接输入想要添加的快捷键功能，然后在空白处单击鼠标，就会产生一个框，按下要设置的快捷键，最后点击确定保存设置，这样就快捷键就设置好了。

PR视频特效

添加滤镜

首先就是滤镜的位置是在左下角的【效果】选项里面，如下图箭头指向所示：

里面的滤镜很多，可以选择自己喜欢的滤镜进行使用，如下图箭头指向所示：

然后，我们直接将滤镜拖拽到素材身上就可以进行使用了，如下图箭头指向所示：

调整滤镜的内部可调节参数，素材的效果就能实时预览。点击前面的【FX】可以进行滤镜效果的开启以及关闭，如下图箭头指向所示：

效果里面，除了视频滤镜，还有音频滤镜以及各种转场可用，如下图箭头指向所示：

添加字幕

在工具栏，点击文字工具；

使用文字工具点击视频，在文字框中输入字幕，就添加字幕成功了。

视频的删减

导入完素材之后我们将素材拖到右边，便能对视频素材进行编辑了（点击播放按钮可预览）。接下来我们讲一下视频内容的删减。

比如说：我们觉得某一段内容不好，想把它删掉，那么该怎么办呢？在PR中我们有两种方法：

1、选择左侧工具栏的刻刀工具，在想要删去内容的两头进行点击，然后即可将商品分割成三段，可从中选择自己不想要的内容；

2、直接从末尾拖动即可（只能对开头或末尾内容进行删减）。

视频的倍速播放

视频的倍速播放在PR中很容易就能实现了：右键-速度/持续时间。选择速度（百分比，如200%就是两倍速） ，点击【倒放速度】就能倒放了。

音乐淡出效果

添加音乐的方法和添加视频的方法一样，导入以后拖动到右边就可以了。删减运用上述方法也是可以完成的。

音乐淡出的效果：

添加完音频后，拉开轨道，点击左下的小按钮，选择：轨道关键帧-音量；

选择：添加-移除关键帧按钮，在想要淡入、淡出的地方添加关键帧，即可对音量进行修改，完成淡入、淡出的效果；

如果你是第一次使用PR并且佩戴耳机的话，要到PR的【编辑】-【首选项】-【音频硬件】里的【默认输出】修改输出设备为：耳机。

音效增益

打开PR软件，将音频导入进去，拖到右下方的【时间轴】操作区；

右击鼠标，点击音轨，在出现的选项中点击【音频增益】；

在【音频增益】页面，选择【将增益设置为】；

输入合适的音频值，负数表示减少，完成后点击【确定】。

视频转场

首先打开电脑上的PR，打开项目文件后，选择右侧的【效果】面板，效果面板中有音频效果、音频过渡，视频效果、视频过渡；

鼠标点开【视频过渡】，其中有7类转场特效，我们这里点击进入【溶解】，选择【溶解】下的【交叉溶解】；

选择【交叉溶解】拖动到视频上，可以看到我们可以将转场放置到视频末尾，视频开头或两段视频中间，这里选择【视频中间】；

插入完成后我们双击此转场，进入【设置过渡持续时间】，拖动蓝色字体即可增加或减少时间。

成品：

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Premiere，是Adobe公司开发的一款视频剪辑\u0026编辑软件。主要用于视频采集、视频剪辑、调色、添加字幕、编辑音频、渲染输出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfu2kKYWNcR9F9gXR89OfKc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Premiere提供了采集、剪辑、调色、美化音频、字幕添加、输出、DVD刻录的一整套流程，并和其他Adobe软件高效集成，使用户足以完成在编辑、制作、工作流上遇到的所有挑战，满足用户创建高质量作品的要求。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGdxJRqeFSHIHkd0wQ1OdRh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"下载","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"软件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCA761mSEd5B7vAyPMd0VGf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"Adobe官网下载","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnzSSrQuvfKbJ7l1wKI5bu3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"进入","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"Adobe官网","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"进行下载","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.adobe.com/cn/products/premiere.html"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.adobe.com/cn/products/premiere.html","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwti8cvwC1haSG5SXQBwwRh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":633,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"Adobe官网下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7e6b7bfcc34c4c8a9c996b5fa0bd03f0","width":1322},"text":"","id":"doxcnQe0om8qMyUuEwVGHMH7Iyg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ21XJ1g4bvctZoIXy7ejee"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、打开浏览器","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"今日头条","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"搜索","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"3D溜溜网","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，进入官网","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnXaYcJyllKSUOisUga7XDwg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b145b54cbb734439b6d4a0a4467ab438","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnzI3dVQG57bgdfaQUMA04jQ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"打开浏览器搜索3D溜溜网，进入官网，点击上面【","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"···","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"】三个点之后选择【软件插件】里的【羽兔网软件下载】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIVPCifz0IRzsBqiEjOfiIf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a1638af674e54aad9efb8a646ca04c63","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnqZpvG9QFK35bzCrca5Dv2I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、选择【常用软件】里的【视频制作】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnzRohoZnbSkxA1A8Zk8b27e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/74b9227188ff4aeca2b984c9e8d8a586","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn2OVEbs5EMbBygZUOujtPLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"向下滑，在下面找到","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"2018版本的进行【软件下载】，里面还有其他版本，这里选择的是适配win7的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCtQ1MsKtZgOu5E1P57TWNb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":542,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5fef322678914f64998900ac60bcb079","width":884},"text":"","id":"doxcn4us8I4k0Sm8SgPZJfjoJKc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"PR窗口介绍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn96P6ooUhkBHVMi4KpcrGbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Premiere软件由菜单栏、常用工具栏、时间轴、侧边面板栏（组件窗口）组成。主工作区有素材（项目）管理窗口、素材预览窗口、视频监视器窗口、时间轴窗口、调音台窗口、调色窗口等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCxCHkBbfrsDYRvzLAYfj3f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1017,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PR窗口介绍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8ab86a1a8f924483a7bab52a67f43204","width":1920},"text":"","id":"doxcnPfVPkaL8cXxoC9iyybhMvg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜单栏","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnjGGp8htd1KmYO4wrdQHtHe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜单栏可以说是整个软件的功能导图，为软件中大多数功能提供了菜单入口，例如","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"软件","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"中的绝大多数功能在对应的菜单栏中都可以找到。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngvQ04rFV59VIcbpf84JoDg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"菜单栏","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e7e280f0e60f4c0fb2eb62b1e3e9ee03","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn9E6osoDW58yS9TGvBUA2de"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"功能窗口切换区域:(组件、编辑、颜色、效果、音频、字幕、库......)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnFy98LpdkaloJb0N5Zu5dRe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"功能窗口切换区域是软件为剪辑、调色、音频、字幕等不同功能定义的界面布局方案。点击对应的功能，软件会自动切换到使用该功能时的界面布局。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn5w4jrhGzO9gT01GJHYuf4A"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"功能窗口切换区域:(组件、编辑、颜色、效果、音频、字幕、库......)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/76961e4b5e02455d9d5ec10414a19c20","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnJ6mEm9RKbr3equYoIc04He"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"源素材预览窗口","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO89UMHO3dwPheOMiS4VZ1c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"源窗口主要是为项目面板中素材(视频、音频、图片)提供实时预览，双击项目面板中的素材即可在源窗口中进行播放预览。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOhgjL2tJgFmTwxhUJSdmfg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":786,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"源素材预览窗口","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ad6e53be4b784562ac3d4e9946f02b29","width":1597},"text":"","id":"doxcneeeeeMaWaeo8wlkBBf96Nb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"节目监视窗口","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngMAyEuYQ66iKU9mYWytjEc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"节目窗口主要用于监视时间线上剪辑的画面，可以实时播放。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn9ceBAXnt86aWD826KpvfDg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":784,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"源素材预览窗口","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/39ef4613ffa84d0aa454bc7961948a17","width":1600},"text":"","id":"doxcn6WYQCO2gMYc8DznazFhMiR"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"项目面板","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngxUAPJkZkUzHVVEHQjW2Lh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"项目面板主要是用于项目及素材的管理，我们导入到软件中的素材及新建的序列、字幕等素材全部都存放在项目面板中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnASeSr9hL6bK3QktvtDCSMb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"项目面板","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7c245a5fcb97452aa3f2203f9c0735ab","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnR6iRLwn0tmmG4URSVSVeLh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"时间线窗口","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUtKP5LGP3KfVP6LBwW9WP9"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"时间线窗口可以简单理解为剪辑工作台，我们对素材的剪辑工作全部都是在时间线面板中操作完成。时间线窗口又可分为视频轨道和音频轨道。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnpdbxGr0rTK904Q9ULz27Cg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":380,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"时间线窗口","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3f798b3817c949f7a35f9b0c899a62ff","width":1256},"text":"","id":"doxcnyq2gNAr2xMIqhwhENWhxVe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"工具栏","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCfhsU1WYo6FqwJ5Q31VWSe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"工具栏","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"集合了所有视频剪辑工具，当然有一些是辅助剪辑工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniQlwYEMO1YDYk9Qh8d8AQd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":532,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工具栏","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1dd1d9e917ce4dac9222fb65f1cd00b1","width":809},"text":"","id":"doxcny4kMYakq00aou0bQ8yt4vf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择工具（快捷键：V）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnICeCGuuEemYI4Ih4K7G5We"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顾名思义，它的作用就是用来选择东西的，不过在有的时候它也会变为其它的形状，作用也随之改变。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGUgmawWwwMEkYByjBJaJac"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"向前选择轨道工具（快捷键：A）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAm4uO2aUiYwEySS0caMSEc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用此工具可以选择该轨道上以后的所有素材，视音频链接在一起的则音频同时也被选中；按住Shift键可以变为多轨道选择工具，此时单头变为双头，即使是单独的声音（比如音效、音乐等）也会被同时选中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncYeqIokoi6aW2lE5RngmAh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"波纹编辑工具（快捷键：B）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIqiKA0k8KauE9TFPpQzCkp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用此工具可以改变一段素材的入点和出点，这段素材后面的会自动吸附上去，总长度发生改变。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUyEi0McacUKSeSDseyEtGf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"剃刀工具（快捷键：C）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGC6Oo6ocI0qA0Y7g4jhMUb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"pr中导入素材之后，利用剃刀工具切割开视频，视频就分开为多段了，可以分别剪辑切割后的每一段视频，包括删除、添加效果等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneYsIMkoCq2e0YD18rVIRuc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"外滑工具（快捷键：U）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqusYGYsqyaG8Ibe6MTuTqh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"作用于一段素材，用来同时改变此段素材的入点和出点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUsuKoWOoKikW4OewvCCyxd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"钢笔工具（快捷键：P）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0AOYYIYSE68S4XK6NVuLf0"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这个工具和字幕中的钢笔工具是一样，主要用来绘制形状。选中此工具，在需要的位置点击一下确定起点，直接点其它位置可以绘制直线，而在点第二个点的同时按住鼠标不放并进行拖拽可以绘制曲线；它还有一个作用就是进行关键帧的选择。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsySecm4kW22YMx0RHszAag"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"手形工具（快捷键：H）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyeSuyU0qIeiOYrI2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","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnpvU2bBwgmLhAKSzXeWoA9c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":828,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"导出","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d8b0e4930be64ad8a93fefc76f7744d0","width":1530},"text":"","id":"doxcnq9OeQTXIaqIG5FhluqlHUD"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"PR导出格式一般用MOV、mp4、AVI等等","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。PR输出视频的时候，要求不一样，输出的格式的就不一样。因为没有统一的标准，要根据需求和目的才能定什么是合适的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8WUWW4Q0eoOAoiU3zHiipb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、如果想输出文件后继续进行编辑，一般推荐输出MOV。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuacmSYEOuG0CQSl2C0Y0qb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、如果输出文件后直接就要观看，或传到视频网站。推荐输出H.264，即mp4。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncCOumAIkcS2Kon4eEwzPKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、如果输出文件给电视台标清播出，就输出AVI格式。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2OiGGiWU0E2koz3Im8My3d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"成品","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnikOQyOW066WI4HoGSoszMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下面这张是成品","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnnrlcxwJTKBYs8oNNf0tjhf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":230,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"成品","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d965685734594664adab5079a2ee244e","width":410},"text":"","id":"doxcndu3hxY8vMgwzvXhrog4sLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这里用的是","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"2018版本","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnraknSYHmS9h9PBNzy1Ecrf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"基础快捷键","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAOymG2QW6kOgew4XvrOBYd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、按i可以设置入点，O可以设置出点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWMuG4kioCUs6gQDBPutVMv"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、Shift+delete键可以删除视频同时，把视频之间的间隙去掉；Ctrl+Z撤销。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOUUwCqSeA66oGI5CoBuWHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、向前选择轨道工具（A）和链接选择项的结合使用可以删除选择点后面的视频和音频","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8QaSq4gmMwOyKO5n6TxBbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、向前选择轨道工具（A）和取消链接选择项的结合使用按shift键可单独删除视频，保留音频。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneKyMYoQeeu84KU2iYrjLbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、按Q键可删除剪辑的开始，按W键可删除剪辑的结尾，但是它们会从每个音轨中删除内容，如果有多层音轨，这个快捷键就不适用，可以通过锁定音频轨道来避免音频被删除。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneoqqGoAqemIkEq2qzcuYqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、按光标键→，按一下前进一帧，按Shift键+光标键，一下会前进5帧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKs6yOQIeAG4Ww11XowX1Pb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、alt+拖动素材=复制","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAEsAIS8ssciik3RT8Xb00g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"常用的快捷键如下：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0g0AaYCeM4KSmgSKkPjCCg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"基础快捷键","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0db905b0b6104d11aed544b39283e07d","width":901},"text":"","id":"doxcnM28y2m2AUYsSiyCX5SWQ8g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"基础快捷键","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/274dfa02812b4424973c026536d6d33f","width":901},"text":"","id":"doxcnU6mK8cOMWw24GCG9yLRbch"}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0IoogSg4KmAiSwAUjCoB6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注：如果自己不适应默认的快捷键可以在","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"界面快捷键设置修改，步骤如下：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0IoogSg4KmAiSwAUjCoB6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打开快捷键界面有两种方法：第一种方法，打开","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"后，在菜单栏找到编辑选项下的快捷键菜单，单击后就会弹出设置界面。第二种方法，打开PR后，我们直接使用快捷键Ctrl+Alt+K后，也会弹出设置界面","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmE8gQEcESwcaOsVIb2KNyc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1013,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"基础快捷键","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/17906eb76da6474bbe33762039398065","width":1889},"text":"","id":"doxcn8WU68WuCgegUw95zwxC74c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打开快捷键界面后在搜索框里我们直接输入想要添加的快捷键功能，然后在空白处单击鼠标，就会产生一个框，按下要设置的快捷键，最后点击确定保存设置，这样就快捷键就设置好了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2sI2ays2C82CyY9ZEtLplh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"PR视频特效","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKss2WSMgGAyqglCfF5Ay5Y"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加滤镜","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngGyEQsy0oWYCSHLOLZhKq6"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先就是滤镜的位置是在左下角的【效果】选项里面，如下图箭头指向所示：","id":""}],"text":"","id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，点击","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"倒放速度】就能倒放了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2weOsSGGuy6CknqwtBPqjc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1524,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频的倍速播放","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/92ef2e00c06f4f638a9bd9fb49e44b77","width":2712},"text":"","id":"doxcnuMO0Kqu6ieWgkp1OyVyZOe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出效果","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnquEaO6s8KUYK4s1P17lp5e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加音乐的方法和添加视频的方法一样，导入以后拖动到右边就可以了。删减运用上述方法也是可以完成的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqCsII4ek2WCUKuZYa4J2yc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出的效果：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCSiM8eeOkqMYYJJgdc3zpe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加完音频后，拉开轨道，点击左下的小按钮，选择：轨道关键帧-音量","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngkSgga8WCYAMsfvboStI1r"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1651,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出效果","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/45fb404f013041ebac46affc65ab23bd","width":2736},"text":"","id":"doxcnqC82ga0ESE4geehPPuocqg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择：添加-移除关键帧按钮，在想要淡入、淡出的地方添加关键帧，即可对音量进行修改，完成淡入、淡出的效果","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnciWIMWggKMO4qmo0LWnz4e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":560,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出效果","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fa051e786ae74574b738dcfcec880306","width":2537},"text":"","id":"doxcnCOGUaqgwcWQ6spzhqzcHXd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你是第一次使用P","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"R","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"并且佩戴耳机的话，要到P","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"R","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"编辑】-【首选项】-【音频硬件】里的【默认输出】修改输出设备为：耳机。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmwk28QWC6gkykdjJcdeAKg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1161,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出效果","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c7590bd586ea4efd8f6bc7d57343d106","width":1521},"text":"","id":"doxcniye8EkyoG8EgUPidM1yTZM"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqmosymc0OW0Yo5ZI26sCaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打开PR软件，将音频导入进去，拖到右下方的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【时间轴】","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"操作区","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna802UygmWaEeEzpb4xHCSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b0f21fbea4e141348d0a813c206312a8","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnCgwKW6QCakeQ23k8cMiTmh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"右击鼠标，点击音轨，在出现的选项中点击","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【音频增益】；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2c0qiCKOeiI8oZ8bDy3EQg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0cea1af410a84e8f812a9dea03b159d8","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn2AMYac6qCIsYA52uYmmjDg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【音频增益】","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"页面，选择","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【将增益设置为】；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOQIkQ8O86Qg4cxWF0amyZb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fa8cd3e6aa4b40bebc6cac6f7990b9dd","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnAOcIYsoeAWuWWSM57mLc1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"输入合适的音频值，负数表示减少，完成后点击","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【确定】","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCUAcWciGi2UeO8XAiLVBtc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/89365811d08349dc96088372736c5780","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn4UUYsyGwWiYA2CKYvb4gmb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG4sysssKueIQuQFvufWYgc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先打开电脑上的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，打开项目文件后，选择右侧的【效果】面板，效果面板中有","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"音频效果、音频过渡，视频效果、视频过渡；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmqwKcuQAwwW02ZoMGeRJfd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/805c1e3f068240a4a431852c5062c3f7","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn4qiuQIqqUSCkeoVcRVlIoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼠标点开【视频过渡】，其中有7类转场特效，我们这里点击进入","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【溶解】，选择【溶解】下的【交叉溶解】","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwM8K6A2siQKaugsk6Vb7Lc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/52958eec3d1a40c983dca8a9018c1959","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn48oGWGW2ai6ACIwKKf4lOf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择【交叉溶解】拖动到视频上，可以看到我们可以将转场放置到视频末尾，视频开头或两段视频中间，这里选择【视频中间】；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno6ec4cC6owsAVXKytUtaBW"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/69139b677d80441d802f694655663531","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnCaoocAM8q4uoEt2HiFTZId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"插入完成后我们双击此转场，进入【设置过渡持续时间】，拖动蓝色字体即可增加或减少时间。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSsi4oUGWcoOCYDAouBTKkc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/08eb0468190441c79f26cb603972683a","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn6mg2WQOg0uy2K0PegxzHwh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"成品：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI8oosUKcm8iSWyYQYc4JIe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":598,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/57979e729fd340639439a9f54646664d","width":898},"text":"","id":"doxcnMQa8QmoWa6IOQbFSZaTPtc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAMa8S486maiWEH5jMoxgne"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

2. 中国自升式钻井平台

中海油的钻井平台都在中海油服，中海油服拥有中国最强大的海上石油服务装备群。截至目前，公司共运营和管理38座钻井平台（包括28座自升式钻井平台、10座半潜式钻井平台）、2座生活平台、4套模块钻机和8台陆地钻机。另外，COSL还拥有和运营中国最大、功能最齐备的近海工作船队，包括70艘各类工作船和3艘油轮；5艘化学品船；9艘地震船；7艘勘察船及包括FCT （增强型储层特性测试仪）、FET（地层评价测试仪）、LWD（随钻测井仪）、ERSC（钻井式井壁取芯仪）等众多先进的测井、泥浆、定向井、固井和修井等油田技术服务设备。

3. CJ46钻井平台

P4DBR-8YPT6-KHRB8-6T7RW-GMXGV

FGTCF-8JBG2-4BK4G-36JWB-PFQXB

CW4KD-MK47X-JYQ7Y-DKKTR-86TH7

37X8Q-CJ46F-RB8XP-GJ6RK-RHYT7

GDK6B-87QP9-F9WYK-PP327-BQ622

4. 钻井钻具容积

三刃的一般为高速切削钻头，但是材质一定要好，一般为合金材质的

牙轮钻头主要靠敲击、压碎破岩、辅以剪切破岩，而金刚石钻头主要靠剪切、切削破岩，辅以压碎破岩、齿出露短，刃口锋利，因此金刚石钻头的钻压小，转速高，排量小。

金刚石钻头的钻压小有利于防斜。牙轮钻头由于牙轮的移轴、超顶、复锥结构，且牙轮与本体有一定的相对位移量，从而横向移距r′金＜r牙。

金刚石钻头克服这种不平衡的横向力效果好些，这也有利于防斜。金刚石钻头与牙轮钻头在使用上也有不同之处，应针对不同层段，选好钻头类型。如嘉陵江和飞仙关层段用BDC的S248钻头；在高密度钻井液条件下尽量用金刚石钻头。使用金刚石钻头前井眼要畅通、干净，调好钻井液性能，检查设备和钻具，选好参数。金刚石钻头单只寿命长，从而起下钻时间少，但它不能有效地钻进含燧石，黄铁矿和硅质的不均质坚硬地层。

所以，应与牙轮钻头配合，采用“衔接使用法”。 (1)经理论分析和现场实践，两种钻头各有特点，选用时应针对地层和钻井液密度，充分发挥各自的优势，优选钻头和参数，使其发挥最佳破岩效果。

(2)金刚石钻头的剪切破岩基本消除了牙轮钻头的牙齿敲击、压碎岩石所带来的“压持效应”的重复切剪，能在高密度井段保持高机械钻速。

(3)金刚石钻头的轻钻压和高转速

5. 钻井平台大小

一：流量一般要求在每小时30吨以内，深度约40-80米，钻机开口直径约30厘米，下放井壁管直径160mm、200mm，抽功率为1.1-7.5KW潜水深水泵，井壁管规格为160mmx4mmx4000mmPVC定制管有检验报告等管材坚硬管材仍能承受强侧压，附取水管带一整套透水过滤器，保证深水井新鲜，无泥沙、杂质等。出水管为口径1-2.5英寸的尼龙管，深水泵悬浮在深水井中井管，距离井口约20米，取决于地下水动态水位的上升。管壁四周用较粗的黄砂封条，井口上方可封平，使地面恢复原貌。本规范深井钻井要求施工单位提供动力（三相）、水、砂、泥水排放通道，钻井时间一般为1-2天左右基本完成。

二：流量30-120吨左右，深度一般开到80-150米左右，钻孔直径600mm左右，下井壁管直径360mm，抽水功率7.5-36KW潜水多级深井泵，井壁管规格为360mm×6mm×4000mm钢混预制管，进水管外包有渗透过滤器，出水管出水口直径管材为2-4寸防腐铁管。深井泵放置在深井内约40-70米处，根据地下动态水位上升的程度，取水管四周充填V3.2mm规格的石英砂，石英砂上方全部为用泥浆密封，井口以上全部密封平整，使地面恢复原状。本规范深井钻井施工单位必须提供电源（三相30KW可连续使用）、排水及泥水排水通道，钻井时间一般为2-7天左右。

三、淡水井钻井包水质一般要求比较严格，水质指标成分基本超过饮用水标准，流速在每小时10-100吨左右，钻井深度江浙沪一般需要在水下130米（上海需要在150米），放井壁管规格为360mm×6mm×4000mm钢混预制油管，出水管直径为1.5-4英寸防腐铁管，深井泵放置在深井约40-80米处，视地下动态水位上升的程度而定。透水管四周填满V3.2mm规格的石英砂，上层石英砂必须用粘性强、无杂质的黄泥密封，井口顶部可以密封平整恢复地面恢复到原来的形状。本规范深井钻进过程中，施工单位必须提供电力（三相30KW可连续使用）、水和黄泥（输送至明井一侧）。钻孔时间通常约为5-15天。

四：在岩石地下钻深井，这个深井的钻探是否更高，持续时间更长，根据不同的地质岩石结构来协商钻探。

打深水井必须要用到地下水探测仪，地下水探测仪用于勘探寻找基岩水、裂隙水、岩溶水等，已知的探测地下水方法有间接找水法和直接找水法。间接的探测地下水方法有天然电场法、电法、磁法、重力法等物探方法。目前应用广泛的简介找水法为天然电场法

6. cj 46型自升式钻井平台的最大钻井深度为

太平洋（Pacific Ocean），地球第一大洋，面积为1.556亿平方千米，覆盖着地球约46%的水面以及约32.5%的总面积。太平洋是世界上最大、最深、边缘海和岛屿最多的大洋。位于亚洲、大洋洲、南极洲和南北美洲之间。南北最长约15900千米，东西最宽约19000千米，总面积为18134.4万平方公里，平均深度3957米，最大深度11034米。

大西洋（Atlantic Ocean），是世界第二大洋，占地球表面积的近20%，原面积8221.7万平方千米，在南冰洋成立后，面积调整为7676.2万平方千米。

印度洋（Indian Ocean）是世界的第三大洋。包括属海的面积为7411.8万平方千米，不包括属海的面积为7342.7万平方千米，约占世界海洋总面积的20%。

北冰洋（Arctic Ocean）又称北极海，面积仅为1475万平方千米，约占世界海洋总面积4.1%。

南冰洋（Southern Ocean或Antarctic Ocean），也叫南大洋或南极海，是世界第五个被确定的大洋，是国际水文地理组织于2000年确定其为一个独立的大洋，但在学术界依旧有人认为依据大洋应有其对应的中洋脊而不承认南冰洋这一称谓。面积也不固定，约为7700万平方公里，占世界大洋总面积的22%左右。

7. cj46钻井平台参数

编程是编定程序的中文简称，就是让计算机代码解决某个问题，对某个计算体系规定一定的运算方式，使计算体系按照该计算方式运行，并最终得到相应结果的过程。编程能提高逻辑思维能力，加强计算能力。

编程语言

Python

Python是一种面向对象有着代码简洁、可读性强特点的解释型计算机程序设计语言。代码简洁是因为它把许多的复杂的操作封装起来，将C语言中麻烦的指针和内存管理对开发者隐藏起来，使得在开发过程中，无须在意这部分的细节。另外Python这门语言强制用户用缩进进行排版，若不好好排版，则代码编译无法通过，或者运行过程会出现错误。

C语言

C语言是一门面向过程的、抽象化的广泛应用于底层开发的通用程序设计语言，能以简易的方式编译和处理低级存储器。C语言既具有高级语言的特点，又具有汇编语言的特点，是仅产生少量机器语言以及不需要任何运行环境支持便能运行的高效率程序设计语言。

是有简洁的语言、具有结构化的控制语句、丰富的数据类型、丰富的运算符、可对物理地址进行直接操作、代码具有较好的可移植性、可生成高质量、目标代码执行效率高的程序。

Java

Java通过面向作为静态对象的编程语言的代表，可以充分的实现面向的对象理论的编程语言，有简单性、功能强大、分布式、健壮性、安全性、平台独立与可移植性、多线程及动态性的特点。

Java支持在网络上应用，Java既支持各种层次的网络连接，又以Socket类支持可靠的流（stream）网络连接，它是分布式语言。所以用户可以产生分布式的客户机和服务器。网络变成软件应用的分布运载工具。Java程序只要编写一次，就可到处运行。

PHP

PHP是一种被广泛应用的开放源代码的多用途脚本语言，它可嵌入到 HTML中，尤其适合 web 开发。

使用 PHP 的最大的好处是它对于初学者来说极其简单，同时也给专业的程序员提供了各种高级的特性，只需几个小时就可以自己写一些简单的脚本。尽管 PHP 的开发是以服务端脚本为目的，但事实上其功能远不局限于此。

GO

Go语言（又称 Golang）是一种静态强类型、编译型语言，是一个开源编程环境，可以轻松构建简单、可靠和高效的软件。Go 语言语法与 C 相近，但功能上有：内存安全，GC（垃圾回收），结构形态及 CSP-style 并发计算。Go 内嵌了关联数组（也称为哈希表（Hashes）或字典（Dictionaries）），就像字符串类型一样。

对比

python和c语言的区别主要体现在：语言类型、内存管理、速度、应用、运行、对象、声明、测试和调试难度、复杂度、学习程度。 测试和调试难度不同：Python相对其他语言而言是非常简单的语言，高度集成，代码量少。Python中的测试和调试更容易；C中测试和调试更难。 学习难度不同：Python：Python程序更易于学习，编写和阅读；C语言：C程序语法比Python更难。

python 跟 java 一样是强类型语言，也就是说它不会根据环境变化自动改变数据类型。python 是动态语言，而 java 是静态语言。也就是说 python 在编程时，永远不用给任何变量指定数据类型，而 java 写程序时必须声明所有变量的数据类型。

python 的模块类似于 java 的 class，不过python模块导入会执行 代码的内容，而 java 不会。python 与 java 的执行方式还是蛮像的，都是将源码编译成 byte code 然后交给相应的虚拟机去执行。

Python的框架数量较少，而PHP中成熟的框架比较多；PHP是面向web的语言，而Python是多用途语言，也可以用于web开发；Python使用非常严格的缩进强制执行，使它比PHP更具可读性。

学习思路

认识编程

编程语言（programming language）又称程序设计语言，是一组用特定语言编写的用于执行特定任务的指令。主要用于开发桌面应用、操作系统、网站、移动应用等。

低级编程语言

它基于二进制数 0 和 1 工作，处理器直接运行低级程序，不需要编译器或解释器，因此用低级语言编写的程序可以运行得非常快。

低级语言进一步分为两部分

机器语言

机器语言也称为机器代码或目标代码，更容易阅读，因为它通常以二进制或十六进制形式（基数 16）形式显示。

它不需要翻译器来转换程序，因为计算机直接理解机器语言程序。

汇编语言

汇编语言是为特定处理器设计的，它以象征性和人类可理解的形式表示一组指令。它使用汇编程序将汇编语言转换为机器语言。

中级编程语言

中级编程语言介于低级编程语言和高级编程语言之间。

它也被称为中间程序语言和伪语言。

中级编程语言的优点是支持高级编程的特性，是一种用户友好的语言，与机器语言和人类语言密切相关。

例如：C、C++

高级编程语言

高级编程语言 (HLL) 旨在开发用户友好的软件程序和网站。

这种编程语言需要编译器或解释器将程序翻译成机器语言（执行程序）。

示例：Python、Java、JavaScript、PHP、C#、C++ 等。

编程实践

学习编程语言的过程简单描述为：过、抄、仿、改、调、看、练、创、悟。

过

基础知识点不求深解，语言什么样的，适用场合、基本语法格式

抄代码

从书上抄、例子中抄、边抄边想边想边回忆语法

模仿改

仿照给出的代码写出自己的代码

勤调试

不断调试验证自己想法，继续思考，再次验证。熟悉调试工具调试方法

看n遍

出错或者遇到问题时，将代码从头到尾看n遍直到快记住，找出问题原因

练

2-5步三遍以上

创新

拿出一个没有写过的根据要求，一步一步写出来，写不出来参考6

悟

主动找到写代码的感觉和成就感，保持下去。

选择大于努力，只有切入一个适合自己的开发方向，才能持续进步。关于开发方向，我有以下两个选择标准。

兴趣

学习编程是一个非常枯燥的过程，内容多，时间长，成本高，即使报名了培训班也学不会，所以，我们首先要选择自己感兴趣的一个开发方向，这样不但能快速学习，以后还能持续进步。学习编程的过程是比较艰苦的，没有兴趣很难硬抗下来，此处的兴趣，是指别人无法撼动的热爱，是工作之余让你放松的事情。如果你只是有过某种想法，别人告诉你这个想法不靠谱，你就放弃了，这顶多是一时的鸡血。

学习方式

费曼学习法

在学完一个东西之后去给别人讲明白，注意是讲给别人听，当你写成文章发表在网上的时候，你自然会去用更通俗的语言，更清晰的逻辑去讲述这个事物背后的逻辑。这个过程是对自己学习的一个检验，也是加深映像整理思路的重要过程。

那么如果你是去记笔记的话，很有可能你会倾向于去照抄，或是不完全照抄，以“提纲”或是“知识点”的形式抄在本子上。说句实话，照抄的笔记真的没用，因为现在搜索引擎的能力已经可以让你把大多数东西快速找到，你为什么还要照抄到笔记本上呢？

从功利的角度考虑，技术文章的写作，别人可以直接访问，也可以逐渐累积你的影响力，一个好的个人技术博客，会给你的简历加分很多，而一个厚厚的笔记本，没有人会管你记了什么。

做好笔记

大多数人没有过目不忘的神技，学了也不一定马上掌握，需要过后花时间慢慢领悟，而且还有忘掉的风险，所以对于重要的知识点都要做好笔记。编程的过程中总会遇到各种各样的问题，比如编程环境的配置，常用的快捷键，编程过程中的错误、异常，软件更新问题等等。面对这些问题都是如何解决的，一定要记录下来，一是增加自己解决问题的经验，而是以防下次出现。

多看官方文档

外文资料互联网是一个更新迭代很快的行业，所有编程语言都会不断的更新新功能和修复旧Bug，网上查的资料很有可能是旧的解决方案，现在已经不适用了。所以最好最快的方法就是查看官方文档。

进入行业圈子

只有进入行业圈子与其他人交流，你才了解最新的行业动态，才知道自己需要更新哪些技能。

动手做项目

学习编程的最终目的就是用所学的做出具有一定功能的项目，而做项目又是最好的学习和巩固知识的方式。如果前期能力不足就先做一些简单的功能模块，一步一步慢慢来，不要一开始就要实现各种酷炫炸天功能，遇到不会的就在网上查， 现在互联网这么发达，获取资源也及其方便。而且开发前也最好在网上查一下有没有已经成型的框架或模板，什么都自己做一是很耗费时间，二是自己技术能力不足还可能留下不少坑。

学习Python

安装编程环境

第一步：访问Python官网，获取最新安装程序。

第二步：运行下载的安装程序，注意勾选“Add Python3.7 to PATH”,然后选择个性化安装，即“Customize installation”。

第三步：确保“pip”被勾选上，之后安装各种库需要用到pip。

第四步：高级选项，需要的可以修改安装目录，通常没有需要修改的，直接点“Install”。

第五步：等待程序自动安装完成。

第六步：出现如下界面，说明安装已完成。

第七步：验证方法，Windows+R 键打开“运行”窗口，输入cmd运行，进入命令提示窗口，再输入python，进入Python的命令模式，输入 print("Hello")，结果输出了 Hello，如下图所示，确定开发环境已安装完成。

运行环境

Hello World!

命令行

在Linux命令行输入：$python

将直接进入python。然后在命令行提示符>>>后面输入：>>>print('Hello World!')

可以看到，随后在屏幕上输出:

Hello World!

print是一个常用函数，其功能就是输出括号中得字符串。

（在Python 2.x中，print还可以是一个关键字，可写成print 'Hello World!'，但这在3.x中行不通 ）

小程序

另一个使用Python的方法，是写一个Python程序。用文本编辑器写一个.py结尾的文件，比如说hello.py

在hello.py中写入如下，并保存：print('Hello World!')

退出文本编辑器，然后在命令行输入：$python hello.py

来运行hello.py。可以看到Python随后输出Hello World!

脚本

我们还可以把Python程序hello.py改成一个可执行的脚本，直接执行：#!/usr/bin/env python

print('Hello World!')

需要修改上面程序的权限为可执行：chmod 755 hello.py

然后再命令行中，输入./hello.py

就可以直接运行了。

基本数据类型

变量不声明

Python的变量不需要声明，你可以直接输入：>>>a = 10

那么你的内存里就有了一个变量a， 它的值是10，它的类型是integer (整数)。 在此之前你不需要做什么特别的声明，而数据类型是Python自动决定的。

>>>print(a)

>>>print(type(a))

那么会有如下输出：

10

这里，我们学到一个内置函数type()，用以查询变量的类型。

回收变量名

如果你想让a存储不同的数据，你不需要删除原有变量就可以直接赋值。

>>>a = 1.3

>>>print(a,type(a))

会有如下输出

1.3

序列

sequence（序列）是一组有顺序的元素的集合，（严格的说，是对象的集合，但鉴于我们还没有引入“对象”概念，暂时说元素）序列可以包含一个或多个元素，也可以没有任何元素。

我们之前所说的基本数据类型，都可以作为序列的元素。元素还可以是另一个序列，以及我们以后要介绍的其他对象。

序列有两种：tuple（定值表； 也有翻译为元组） 和 list (表)

>>>s1 = (2, 1.3, 'love', 5.6, 9, 12, False) # s1是一个tuple

>>>s2 = [True, 5, 'smile'] # s2是一个list

>>>print(s1,type(s1))

>>>print(s2,type(s2))

tuple和list的主要区别在于，一旦建立，tuple的各个元素不可再变更，而list的各个元素可以再变更。

一个序列作为另一个序列的元素

>>>s3 = [1,[3,4,5]]

空序列

>>>s4 = []

自学

网站

菜鸟网站

这个python教程很适合小白学习，没有高深的原理，照着教程学就完事了。

菜鸟教程是一个提供免费编程学习的网站，里面不但能学到编程知识，还能运用在线编程工具，使你在学习的过程中得到发挥，实践得真理，边学边做中让基础打得更稳，让自己的知识更加稳固。在自己有不明白不理解的地方可以在网站的用户笔记中寻找大佬们的笔记，把自己所学和技术大佬的经验所融合，使自己更好地提升自己的能力。

菜鸟教程内容丰富，例如前端热门语言HTML5、CSS3、JavaScript、Vue等它该有的都有，都会从最基础的开始教，让刚学编程的小白由浅及深，一看就懂。每个知识点都有实例可以动手，直接在页面内做你想要的效果真的非常棒。菜鸟的排版简洁清晰有序，内容一针见血，让你一看就能明白其知识点的含义。

菜鸟教程不仅前端教程语言丰富，后端的Java、PHP、Python更是一应俱全，当然数据库、移动端、XML、ASP.NET、Web Service、开发工具和网站建设也是应有尽有，菜鸟教程有学到的知识如此之多，奋斗吧少年。

廖雪峰的官方网站

廖雪峰的官方网站比较推荐新手程序员学习前端，这个网站的教学视频的讲解相对来说会比较生动，没有其他教程那么死板，看起来也不至于那么犯困，也更便于新手去理解。总的来说，廖雪峰的官方网站作为一款启蒙类的前端学习网站还是相当不错的。

Python官方教程

这是Python官方出品的教程，可搭配Python标准库一起学。

书籍

《Python编程从入门到实践（第2版）》

作者：埃里克·马瑟斯 （EricMatthes）袁国忠 译

ISBN：9787115546081

出版：人民邮电出版社

本书是针对所有层次Python读者而作的Python门书。全书分两部分：部分介绍用Python编程所必须了解的基本概念，包括强大的Python库和工具，以及列表、字典、if语句、类、文件与异常、代码测试等内容；第二部分将理论付诸实践，讲解如何发三个项目，包括简单的2D游戏、利用数据生成交互式的信息图以及创建和定制简单的Web应用，并帮助读者解决常见编程问题和困惑。

《像计算机科学家一样学Python》

ISBN：9787115425515

作者：艾伦 B. 唐尼（Allen B. Downey）

出版：人民邮电出版社

本书以培养读者以计算机科学家一样的思维方式来理解Python语言编程。贯穿全书的主体是如何思考、设计、发的方法，而具体的编程语言，只是提供了一个具体场景方便介绍的媒介。全书共21章，详细介绍Python语言编程的方方面面。本书从基本的编程概念始讲起，包括语言的语法和语义，而且每个编程概念都有清晰的定义，引领读者循序渐地学习变量、表达式、语句、函数和数据结构。书中还探讨了如何处理文件和数据库，如何理解对象、方法和面向对象编程，如何使用调试技巧来修正语法错误、运行时错误和语义错误。

《计算机科学丛书：Java编程思想》

ISBN：9787111213826

作者：[美] Bruce Eckel

出版：机械工业出版社

本书的作者拥有多年教学经验，对C、C++以及Java语言都有独到、深入的见解，以通俗易懂及小而直接的示例解释了一个个晦涩抽象的概念。本书共22章，包括操作符、控制执行流程、访问权限控制、复用类、多态、接口、通过异常处理错误、字符串、泛型、数组、容器深入研究、JavaI/O系统、枚举类型、并发以及图形化用户界面等内容。这些丰富的内容，包含了Java语言基础语法以及高级特性，适合各个层次的Java程序员阅读，同时也是高等院校讲授面向对象程序设计语言以及Java语言的好教材和参考书。

《疯狂Java讲义》

ISBN：9787121361586

作者：李刚

出版：电子工业出版社

《疯狂Java讲义（第4版）》深入介绍了Java编程的相关方面，《疯狂Java讲义（第4版）》内容覆盖了Java的基本语法结构、Java的面向对象特征、Java集合框架体系、Java泛型、异常处理、Java GUI编程、JDBC数据库编程、Java注释、Java的IO流体系、Java多线程编程、Java网络通信编程和Java反射机制。覆盖了java.lang、java.util、java.text、java.io和java.nio、java.sql、java.awt、javax.swing包下绝大部分类和接口。本书重点介绍了Java 9的模块化系统，还详细介绍了Java 9的jshell工具、多版本JAR包、匿名内部类的菱形语法、增强的try语句、私有接口方法，以及Java 9新增的各种API功能。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"编程是编定程序的中文简称，就是让计算机代码解决某个问题，对某个计算体系规定一定的运算方式，使计算体系按照该计算方式运行，并最终得到相应结果的过程","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。编程能提高逻辑思维能力，加强计算能力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WceadiusyoyOwaxoNSsceBGjnVd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"编程语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Oqa2diWSioCqoexAhV7cd5qbnLd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"Python","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RYCIdicsYoyiUgx6drTcXYVMn4d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Python是一种面向对象有着代码简洁、可读性强特点的解释型计算机程序设计语言。代码简洁是因为它把许多的复杂的操作封装起来，将C语言中麻烦的指针和内存管理对开发者隐藏起来，使得在开发过程中，无须在意这部分的细节。另外Python这门语言强制用户用缩进进行排版，若不好好排版，则代码编译无法通过，或者运行过程会出现错误。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SeiEdQ4GAoc8Koxm6Oucd3MonOb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":701,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"Python","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ed9e64e560c1468b9bd3cfb3dd8723fe","width":1563},"text":"","id":"DSA6demiCo8YmgxGYDmcdbmenQf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"C语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RKKodkW2Wo0muoxaYdScS9gDnse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"C语言是一门面向过程的、抽象化的广泛应用于底层开发的通用程序设计语言，能以简易的方式编译和处理低级存储器。C语言既具有高级语言的特点，又具有汇编语言的特点，是仅产生少量机器语言以及不需要任何运行环境支持便能运行的高效率程序设计语言。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WkgAdki6koYcsSxzF93csMeynCk"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"是有简洁的语言、具有结构化的控制语句、丰富的数据类型、丰富的运算符、可对物理地址进行直接操作、代码具有较好的可移植性、可生成高质量、目标代码执行效率高的程序。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FkCQdiCsmo40iqxg7ujcPBy9nHe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":806,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"C语言","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/31a836795dbf43b38e94d71dcb3863b2","width":1603},"text":"","id":"ME8ad6QuAoiWo2xe8zCc3gXrnog"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"Java","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FWK8d2GSUoMME2xUxHzc8kMYnQR"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Java通过面向作为静态对象的编程语言的代表，可以充分的实现面向的对象理论的编程语言，有简单性、功能强大、分布式、健壮性、安全性、平台独立与可移植性、多线程及动态性的特点。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TeIod6souoE4EkxgjEfcOZkLnoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Java支持在网络上应用，Java既支持各种层次的网络连接，又以Socket类支持可靠的流（stream）网络连接，它是分布式语言。所以用户可以产生分布式的客户机和服务器。网络变成软件应用的分布运载工具。Java程序只要编写一次，就可到处运行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Te4udsisCoK44gxMpuPcDy11nfd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":839,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"Java","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/162bb494b0c840b4b9cbc2cb7ea55ebe","width":1893},"text":"","id":"SUW6d0aw2oskC4x2FMSc3WhNnRg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"PHP","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ic6kdo08aoY4GuxeY6Qc3Z8nnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"PHP是一种被广泛应用的开放源代码的多用途脚本语言，它可嵌入到 HTML中，尤其适合 web 开发。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwQ8dKQCeoGAmixqM7BcXdgUnAd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用 PHP 的最大的好处是它对于初学者来说极其简单，同时也给专业的程序员提供了各种高级的特性，只需几个小时就可以自己写一些简单的脚本。尽管 PHP 的开发是以服务端脚本为目的，但事实上其功能远不局限于此。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DW0Odakc6ouW6Kxu6kPcdPF3nZd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":648,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PHP","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/41c0f9ee516a48e4a472df388700935a","width":1828},"text":"","id":"Naq2duscgogQ2oxYjg2cosy1nEe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"GO","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CwWwdCYeAoMuMuxCiNpcqJKpnRg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Go语言（又称 Golang）是一种静态强类型、编译型语言，是一个开源编程环境，可以轻松构建简单、可靠和高效的软件。Go 语言语法与 C 相近，但功能上有：内存安全，GC（垃圾回收），结构形态及 CSP-style 并发计算。Go 内嵌了关联数组（也称为哈希表（Hashes）或字典（Dictionaries）），就像字符串类型一样。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SIY6dO8ecoGoOOxmUVPcViIAnxb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":772,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"GO","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a79e7992c6864955a7c9aa344252485d","width":1522},"text":"","id":"GuiUdc6UCoKUWGxaCogc2jcrnFe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"对比","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EGqmdKMsGogUeexukQ5cA2wTnQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"python和c语言的区别主要体现在：语言类型、内存管理、速度、应用、运行、对象、声明、测试和调试难度、复杂度、学习程度。 测试和调试难度不同：Python相对其他语言而言是非常简单的语言，高度集成，代码量少。Python中的测试和调试更容易；C中测试和调试更难。 学习难度不同：Python：Python程序更易于学习，编写和阅读；C语言：C程序语法比Python更难。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HEyKduA4Iow6Kwx8ZiCcPQaVnHd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"python 跟 java 一样是强类型语言，也就是说它不会根据环境变化自动改变数据类型。python 是动态语言，而 java 是静态语言。也就是说 python 在编程时，永远不用给任何变量指定数据类型，而 java 写程序时必须声明所有变量的数据类型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6yAdOUQqoQSIYxs7XVcPwlSnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"python 的模块类似于 java 的 class，不过python模块导入会执行 代码的内容，而 java 不会。python 与 java 的执行方式还是蛮像的，都是将源码编译成 byte code 然后交给相应的虚拟机去执行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VmgOds4Ceoi0KoxGa8nc0GLDneb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Python的框架数量较少，而PHP中成熟的框架比较多；PHP是面向web的语言，而Python是多用途语言，也可以用于web开发；Python使用非常严格的缩进强制执行，使它比PHP更具可读性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MW22d02SsoU2oYxesy1cIEfsnYb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SA4kdwiSIoMW42xCGzDcMMyXnfe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习思路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ECkydGqiIoEmKoxQzshckC4rncd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"认识编程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IkSQdA02Ko64KKxoHAGc6cEwnIb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"编程语言（programming language）又称程序设计语言，是一组用特定语言编写的用于执行特定任务的指令。主要用于开发桌面应用、操作系统、网站、移动应用等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HM2udQ0giowuekxoV1kchShynhc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"低级编程语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CkEQdgiGooaKGaxesABch5T1nlh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它基于二进制数 0 和 1 工作，处理器直接运行低级程序，不需要编译器或解释器，因此用低级语言编写的程序可以运行得非常快。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UgoMde6QIou8yAxambScEu1vnOb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"低级语言进一步分为两部分","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ASy6dMoGooWsKaxeCDAcTUajnde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"机器语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z8MKdYOOmoucO0xai2uc1TUKnTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"机器语言也称为机器代码或目标代码，更容易阅读，因为它通常以二进制或十六进制形式（基数 16）形式显示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RIgMdsykeoaykIxawjVcRE7HnXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它不需要翻译器来转换程序，因为计算机直接理解机器语言程序。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LMsSdcWGsooA00xgzJUcR80Inuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":" 汇编语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xi0gdKkgGo0oKYxE0vacrHAtngb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"汇编语言是为特定处理器设计的，它以象征性和人类可理解的形式表示一组指令。它使用汇编程序将汇编语言转换为机器语言。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GYOQdMKQuoGkoExyYdkcuU2anIf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中级编程语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RGmIdsSwmoY8A2x89NUcdbWbnjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中级编程语言介于低级编程语言和高级编程语言之间。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q822d2sssoQQGYxAzK6c9GqFnbd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"它也被称为中间程序语言和伪语言。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BuG2d8s6AoiIWCxGQt1cGdbgneg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中级编程语言的优点是支持高级编程的特性，是一种用户友好的语言，与机器语言和人类语言密切相关。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FIg6dMMGaoYSu0xSyhpcKu46nPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如：C、C++","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LK8sduKWaoa0oUxQXspcudVbnid"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"高级编程语言","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FaYsdG0KqoOGW6xa4u0c0UQVn9c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"高级编程语言 (HLL) 旨在开发用户友好的软件程序和网站。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Rsi4dE64WoykEkxzYAIcCNc8nbH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这种编程语言需要编译器或解释器将程序翻译成机器语言（执行程序）。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IOqmdGCEcoeC2wxXJElc68FsnvL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"示例：Python、Java、JavaScript、PHP、C#、C++ 等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CgagdYoyyoQMCwxJ65zcUJF6ntC"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"编程实践","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGCQdQuyyoIu8Cx8DxYcWwFGnXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"学习编程语言的过程简单描述为：过、抄、仿、改、调、看、练、创、悟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JUUOdqi2Ko6mSix0qMBcv94pnAb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"过","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HqSsduwsUoqSamxyGKWcWlLqnDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"基础知识点不求深解，语言什么样的，适用场合、基本语法格式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XO0mdIAcMoOisgxuAb6cTIvHn9I"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"抄代码","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZwqWdC2AioWsWGxNBikcRf0unBf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"从书上抄、例子中抄、边抄边想边想边回忆语法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XQWmdmoMcoQ82axuI6Lcjb6knDe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"模仿改","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOc0dUWuAogWYAx8vZycJ1OYnfd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"仿照给出的代码写出自己的代码","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Iokkd0EewoMSMuxqCAKch8tRnZf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"勤调试","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CCIsd2secoIAiOxUXGhcQ55Mncc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不断调试验证自己想法，继续思考，再次验证。熟悉调试工具调试方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Sg8CdMOy8oMyysxC0jyc1mzunff"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"看n遍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UW4Id0cOooa6EAxIro7c3bT5nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"出错或者遇到问题时，将代码从头到尾看n遍直到快记住，找出问题原因","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ROsUdMEyQoewGUxB0JWcntn7nh6"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ag2EdIGQQowSOOxRfD2cRMnOnNl"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2-5步三遍以上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D8eod4eqmoEUcQx0XNVcgNE9n7Z"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"创新","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JqU2damiUoQm4CxUSSDcpg16nAn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"拿出一个没有写过的根据要求，一步一步写出来，写不出来参考6","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DIeidUEkooIGGWxmAUQcWltanhh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"悟","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V4ikdSQY4oacQWxQ3RocOJTbnQc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主动找到写代码的感觉和成就感，保持下去。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZOCqd80k8oi8GgxkFcUcGuxan6b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择大于努力，只有切入一个适合自己的开发方向，才能持续进步。关于开发方向，我有以下两个选择标准。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R620d6Qwko6O4gxeS37cRQxjnwd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":" 兴趣","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WCkGd64Gwo6UcqxoV8Icg1G8nCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习编程是一个非常枯燥的过程，内容多，时间长，成本高，即使报名了培训班也学不会，所以，我们首先要选择自己感兴趣的一个开发方向，这样不但能快速学习，以后还能持续进步。学习编程的过程是比较艰苦的，没有兴趣很难硬抗下来，此处的兴趣，是指别人无法撼动的热爱，是工作之余让你放松的事情。如果你只是有过某种想法，别人告诉你这个想法不靠谱，你就放弃了，这顶多是一时的鸡血。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BgqEdSkuMoqmqExFM9Dc7lBYnmk"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FG6OdgEWAosIcexYLUecc900nLd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"费曼学习法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FOYAdYUk6oEk4gx7u0ycaoPsnEy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在学完一个东西之后去给别人讲明白，注意是讲给别人听，当你写成文章发表在网上的时候，你自然会去用更通俗的语言，更清晰的逻辑去讲述这个事物背后的逻辑。这个过程是对自己学习的一个检验，也是加深映像整理思路的重要过程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EyYWdScu2o0ca2xIRdgcR5k2nnd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"那么如果你是去记笔记的话，很有可能你会倾向于去照抄，或是不完全照抄，以“提纲”或是“知识点”的形式抄在本子上。说句实话，照抄的笔记真的没用，因为现在搜索引擎的能力已经可以让你把大多数东西快速找到，你为什么还要照抄到笔记本上呢？","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HSu4dusiqoIcCcxCOhTccQL5n3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"从功利的角度考虑，技术文章的写作，别人可以直接访问，也可以逐渐累积你的影响力，一个好的个人技术博客，会给你的简历加分很多，而一个厚厚的笔记本，没有人会管你记了什么。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SOUSdQWIoo6OMYxIldZcuIU9nKh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"做好笔记","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SUoEdyCk0oOa2Ux2lGlcxcJKnXd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大多数人没有过目不忘的神技，学了也不一定马上掌握，需要过后花时间慢慢领悟，而且还有忘掉的风险，所以对于重要的知识点都要做好笔记。编程的过程中总会遇到各种各样的问题，比如编程环境的配置，常用的快捷键，编程过程中的错误、异常，软件更新问题等等。面对这些问题都是如何解决的，一定要记录下来，一是增加自己解决问题的经验，而是以防下次出现。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OGGwdgoU0oca0gxamqlcZ7HVnCf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"多看官方文档","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HqyKdYYu8oU6QCxKmzicQi2qnxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"外文资料互联网是一个更新迭代很快的行业，所有编程语言都会不断的更新新功能和修复旧Bug，网上查的资料很有可能是旧的解决方案，现在已经不适用了。所以最好最快的方法就是查看官方文档。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FGkAdKUGioyu6OxiQ7pcForVnXc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"进入行业圈子","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OEwIdSQ4EoK0U8xHbsJcVXchnCw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"只有进入行业圈子与其他人交流，你才了解最新的行业动态，才知道自己需要更新哪些技能。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XqkadOImEoakm4xCGrscdtHOnrg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"动手做项目","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SMIQdeS4Qo60gKxSE1qcpjf9n1b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习编程的最终目的就是用所学的做出具有一定功能的项目，而做项目又是最好的学习和巩固知识的方式。如果前期能力不足就先做一些简单的功能模块，一步一步慢慢来，不要一开始就要实现各种酷炫炸天功能，遇到不会的就在网上查， 现在互联网这么发达，获取资源也及其方便。而且开发前也最好在网上查一下有没有已经成型的框架或模板，什么都自己做一是很耗费时间，二是自己技术能力不足还可能留下不少坑。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E8SSdsQksoOykkxq8qhc2D9UnPh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学习Python","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Noeodu46Eoyg4Oxcz2Lcvsh6nWf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ucwad8wU0omK2YxUmNnc76Pjneb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一步：访问Python官网，获取最新安装程序。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CIWwdiUucoGM4Axe1XscufX4npb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":253,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d7e9f537cd7147f1881697a6f116c40e","width":500},"text":"","id":"ZAUEdiiUoockeYx4FwFcKNmVnsb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第二步：运行下载的安装程序，注意勾选“Add Python3.7 to PATH”,然后选择个性化安装，即“Customize installation”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DikMdkUMeoIIwOxEFNjcgKC8nfb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9ff4f5aa4a7a4d95926ec7846e7f3b3a","width":500},"text":"","id":"VeISdQwCcogI8yxKqjrcxkXBnXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第三步：确保“pip”被勾选上，之后安装各种库需要用到pip。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JakkdcOG8omkoCxUt62cPMoinKb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/97f4801a1ea04dda955a1ddc02c885ec","width":500},"text":"","id":"HQUGdykoMoSUmGxymgjcOwounzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第四步：高级选项，需要的可以修改安装目录，通常没有需要修改的，直接点“Install”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U8gUdO22So4GWMxk5AAcYxhgnwd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/00ce740fe3ff4759bec555cc277791f1","width":500},"text":"","id":"IGQwdQag4oi06uxWuyacQYQAnwe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第五步：等待程序自动安装完成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZqiadCqiEoWewYx0AC8cBcnTneh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e52c2d8139a94fb48b58a938efc5ef2e","width":500},"text":"","id":"EmCWd0sMaoowOIxuA2lctZeXn8e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第六步：出现如下界面，说明安装已完成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CSiudKqaqomAkcx2B6tcVnpGnPd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":308,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bbc76407b3fb40a49d6be79a18364fbd","width":500},"text":"","id":"UiCYdig0KoeIUWx049tcMB6bn6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"第七步：验证方法，Windows+R 键打开“运行”窗口，输入cmd运行，进入命令提示窗口，再输入python，进入Python的命令模式，输入 print(\"Hello\")，结果输出了 Hello，如下图所示，确定开发环境已安装完成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Lmoede4cuoEwQKxmabGcMLaXnXf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":261,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"安装编程环境","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d660bc84d3904f528d8905f932029592","width":500},"text":"","id":"MsIgduUaEosaG6xSunHcnIm8nvf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"运行环境","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Lqiwde2SYoKEoOxquyEcgRRLnLd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"Hello World!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IIgSdccwkoeaG8xmadlcUw6Bnbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"命令行","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JAaKdcMMUoSaKcxW4c1ccXeGnPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在Linux命令行输入：$python","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ac0Udg8sKoo64WxKUEpcVHc9ngc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"将直接进入python。然后在命令行提示符\u003e\u003e\u003e后面输入：\u003e\u003e\u003eprint('Hello World!')","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C6OwdcCKao0kG8x4u6bchmSwn9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以看到，随后在屏幕上输出:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HMyIdGao0omCcMxyu1Kc9DyFnQJ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Hello World!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HCWydoCIKo02yMxOy7GcZ1MBnkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"print是一个常用函数，其功能就是输出括号中得字符串。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K4gYdSoiuo00icxAHmpc1eimnGc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（在Python 2.x中，print还可以是一个关键字，可写成print 'Hello World!'，但这在3.x中行不通 ）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BQACduGE6oCgSOx2fvYcEcbPn4f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"小程序","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NGqsdeUKwoewYQx3zgdcf4Q4nsb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"另一个使用Python的方法，是写一个Python程序。用文本编辑器写一个.py结尾的文件，比如说hello.py","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LkWEdeSkSosWMexWc7PcjpdvnJg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在hello.py中写入如下，并保存：print('Hello World!')","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JgOsdAKe4ogmyExYHgLcTmQunyg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"退出文本编辑器，然后在命令行输入：$python hello.py","id":""}],"text":"","id":"So08dE2imoYYQCxQ2QFcO82cnJL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"来运行hello.py。可以看到Python随后输出Hello World!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIKCdsmeYoCwwUx0su3cHkHqnvb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"脚本","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZsEMdwYWcoQOsQxSSv6cYylLn5e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我们还可以把Python程序hello.py改成一个可执行的脚本，直接执行：#!/usr/bin/env python","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqUgd8CeQoCIeux81qFc7h69nHE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"print('Hello World!')","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ASc8d6YmkoASeOxcNArcGC3Anbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"需要修改上面程序的权限为可执行：chmod 755 hello.py","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SY4Sd2aEMoy8E2x8moScAd5Gnbc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"然后再命令行中，输入./hello.py","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KcuSdKiEGomYGmxcxZ9cfAzwn9d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"就可以直接运行了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WoeudWqOAosyosx8vdLcVyTQnre"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"基本数据类型","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PCwKdMoS2oKi4gxFAqZctL2XnJp"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"变量不声明","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HsuQdOC6kosCkax4ML4cAJ8Dnje"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Python的变量不需要声明，你可以直接输入：\u003e\u003e\u003ea = 10","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SoA0dk2IKogMgOxewwVc4LkKnMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"那么你的内存里就有了一个变量a， 它的值是10，它的类型是integer (整数)。 在此之前你不需要做什么特别的声明，而数据类型是Python自动决定的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KuuidCs4SooqGex6ZITcthxHnHc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003eprint(a)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VUaadIGOqoYYS4xwFOLcR1CVnEh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003eprint(type(a))","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K2uYdIgSwoIaKexCWFvc3GZnnIe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"那么会有如下输出：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYCKdqwy4oWG6Ux2xQjcXvipnzV"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FukWdMmaAoceg4xCaJ5c8ktfnuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003cclass 'int'\u003e","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Mo4IdywqgoqKI8xSBu7cFmLyndb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这里，我们学到一个内置函数type()，用以查询变量的类型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C8yKdI8amoWwssxaEpQcGuK7nTf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"回收变量名","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LmgCdYeiuoIWgWxOon3c3P1Hncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你想让a存储不同的数据，你不需要删除原有变量就可以直接赋值。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J0C0dc8UWo4CESx4m4jceRTAn4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003ea = 1.3","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tme6dEUG8ogECYxMrZOcjBzCnfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003eprint(a,type(a))","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xo8mdWieio2ayqxYvCqcNNnKnac"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"会有如下输出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HEQgdWU6so2EW0x2pYGc8Up6nLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1.3 \u003cclass 'float'\u003e","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xe0Qd0YkEoWcUixQxzNcsc7BnQc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"序列","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K4sIdyYiaooeSKx0ENocBIlknzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"sequence（序列）是一组有顺序的元素的集合，（严格的说，是对象的集合，但鉴于我们还没有引入“对象”概念，暂时说元素）序列可以包含一个或多个元素，也可以没有任何元素。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NKG2d8UMAokU4mxs9Snc667DnQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我们之前所说的基本数据类型，都可以作为序列的元素。元素还可以是另一个序列，以及我们以后要介绍的其他对象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SIe2duU4WoQEuMxUTXrcAmmKn2f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"序列有两种：tuple（定值表； 也有翻译为元组） 和 list (表)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RmMwdgGU4oqywAxIZbQcqQHjnNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003es1 = (2, 1.3, 'love', 5.6, 9, 12, False) # s1是一个tuple","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOaCdYes4o2k8yxWsrqckvlxnDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"\u003e\u003e\u003es2 = [True, 5, 'smile'] # 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